Russia
Russian Federation
Current Population (Live)
Annual Growth Rate: -0.20%
With a population of roughly 144 million, Russia ranks among the ten most populous nations globally. The country extends across 17.10 million km², translating to a density of 8.0 people per km². Its capital is Moscow, and Russian is the official language, while the Russian ruble serves as the national currency.
Population
143,533,851
Area
17,098,246 km²
Density
8/km²
World Rank
#9
Population Trend (1960-2050)
Historical data from 1960 to present with projections to 2050.
Annual Growth Rate by Period
The population is currently contracting at a rate of -0% per year, pointing to deep structural challenges such as low birth rates and emigration. Deaths (12.1 per thousand) now equal or exceed births (8.6 per thousand), resulting in natural population decline. The population skews older, with 17.2% aged 65 or above and 17.3% under 15, signaling rising dependency ratios.
General Information
- Capital
- Moscow
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Eastern Europe
- Continent
- Europe, Asia
- Languages
- Russian
- Currencies
- Russian ruble (â˝)
- Calling Code
- +73
- Top-Level Domain
- .ru, .su, .ŃŃ
- Landlocked
- No
- UN Member
- Yes
- Timezones
- UTC+03:00, UTC+04:00, UTC+06:00, UTC+07:00, UTC+08:00, UTC+09:00, UTC+10:00, UTC+11:00, UTC+12:00
Population Details
- Total Population
- 143,533,851
- Land Area
- 17,098,246 km²
- Population Density
- 8 per km²
- Annual Growth Rate
- -0.20%
- Annual Growth
- -287,068 people
- Daily Growth
- -786 people
- World Population Share
- 1.77%
- Coordinates
- 60.00°, 100.00°
Global Population Share
Demographics & Economy
With a GDP per capita of roughly $14.9k, Russia sits comfortably in the high-income bracket by World Bank standards. The labor market is notably tight, with unemployment at just 2.1%âwell below the world average. The Gini index of 33.0 indicates a moderate level of income inequality.
Life Expectancy
73.3 years
GDP per Capita
$14,889
Birth Rate
8.6 per 1,000
Death Rate
12.1 per 1,000
Urban Population
75.1%
Fertility Rate
1.41 births/woman
Infant Mortality
3.7 per 1,000
Unemployment
2.1%
Literacy Rate
99.9%
Internet Users
94.4%
Under 15
17.3%
Over 65
17.2%
Health Spending
7.0% GDP
Gini Index
33.0
Age Distribution
0-14 years
24.8M
15-64 years
94.1M
65+ years
24.7M
Urbanization
Urbanization is well advanced, with roughly 75.1% of the population residing in towns and cities, above the global mean of 56%. Moscow, the capital, anchors a broader network of metropolitan centers that drive economic activity. Extremely low population density means that settlements are widely dispersed, raising logistical hurdles for infrastructure and public service delivery.
107.8M
75.1%
35.7M
24.9%
Health & Education Indicators
Average life expectancy of 73.3 years is roughly in line with the global benchmark of 72.8. Infant mortality is remarkably low at 3.7 per thousand live births, indicative of high-quality maternal and neonatal care. Near-universal literacy (99.9%) provides a strong foundation for workforce development and civic participation.
Life Expectancy
World avg: 72.8
Fertility Rate
World avg: 2.3
Infant Mortality
World avg: 27.5
Literacy Rate
World avg: 86.7
Internet Users
World avg: 63
Major Cities in Russia
Russia has 213 cities with a population over 100,000. Click on markers to see details.
Population Projections (2026-2050)
If current trends persist, Russia's population will continue to shrink, intensifying labor shortages and increasing the burden on pension and healthcare systems. With 17.2% of the population already over 65, the aging challenge is likely to deepen in the decades ahead. As a United Nations member state, Russia participates in global discussions on sustainable development that will shape its demographic future.
| Year | Projected Population |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 143,533,851 |
| 2030 | 142,389,020 |
| 2035 | 140,970,814 |
| 2040 | 139,566,734 |
| 2045 | 138,176,638 |
| 2050 | 136,800,388 |
Population History (1960-2026)
Year-by-year population data, growth rates, and trends for Russia.
Largest Cities in Russia
Explore the biggest cities and urban centers in Russia by population.
Neighboring Countries
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Russia?
The population of Russia is approximately 143.5 million as of 2026, making it #9 in the world by population.
What is the capital of Russia?
The capital of Russia is Moscow.
What languages are spoken in Russia?
The main languages spoken in Russia are Russian.
How big is Russia?
Russia covers an area of 17,098,246 km² with a population density of 8 people per km².
Is Russia growing or shrinking?
Russia's population is declining at a rate of -0.20% per year.
What is the life expectancy in Russia?
The average life expectancy in Russia is 73.3 years.
What is the GDP per capita of Russia?
The GDP per capita of Russia is $14,889.