Lithuania
Republic of Lithuania
Current Population (Live)
Annual Growth Rate: +0.58%
Situated in Northern Europe, Lithuania has a population of approximately 2.89 million—a modestly sized nation in population terms. The country extends across 65,300 km², translating to a density of 44 people per km². Its capital is Vilnius, and Lithuanian is the official language, while the euro serves as the national currency.
Population
2,888,278
Area
65,300 km²
Density
44/km²
World Rank
#139
Population Trend (1960-2050)
Historical data from 1960 to present with projections to 2050.
Annual Growth Rate by Period
Population growth has effectively stalled at 0% annually, suggesting the country is approaching or has reached a demographic plateau. Deaths (12.9 per thousand) now equal or exceed births (7.2 per thousand), resulting in natural population decline. The population skews older, with 20.2% aged 65 or above and 14.7% under 15, signaling rising dependency ratios.
General Information
- Capital
- Vilnius
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Northern Europe
- Continent
- Europe
- Languages
- Lithuanian
- Currencies
- euro (€)
- Calling Code
- +370
- Top-Level Domain
- .lt
- Landlocked
- No
- UN Member
- Yes
- Timezones
- UTC+02:00
Population Details
- Total Population
- 2,888,278
- Land Area
- 65,300 km²
- Population Density
- 44 per km²
- Annual Growth Rate
- +0.58%
- Annual Growth
- +16,752 people
- Daily Growth
- +46 people
- World Population Share
- 0.04%
- Coordinates
- 56.00°, 24.00°
Global Population Share
Demographics & Economy
With a GDP per capita of roughly $29.4k, Lithuania sits comfortably in the high-income bracket by World Bank standards. Unemployment sits at 6.7%, above the global average of 5.8%. The Gini index of 36.0 indicates a moderate level of income inequality.
Life Expectancy
77.0 years
GDP per Capita
$29,384
Birth Rate
7.2 per 1,000
Death Rate
12.9 per 1,000
Urban Population
68.8%
Fertility Rate
1.18 births/woman
Infant Mortality
2.8 per 1,000
Unemployment
6.7%
Literacy Rate
99.8%
Internet Users
88.5%
Under 15
14.7%
Over 65
20.2%
Health Spending
7.6% GDP
Gini Index
36.0
Age Distribution
0-14 years
425K
15-64 years
1.9M
65+ years
583K
Urbanization
Urbanization is well advanced, with roughly 68.8% of the population residing in towns and cities, above the global mean of 56%. Vilnius serves as the administrative heart of the country and concentrates much of its commercial and civic life. Net emigration of 24618.0 per thousand is thinning rural areas in particular, accelerating the concentration of population in cities.
2.0M
68.8%
900,276
31.2%
Health & Education Indicators
Average life expectancy of 77.0 years is roughly in line with the global benchmark of 72.8. Infant mortality is remarkably low at 2.8 per thousand live births, indicative of high-quality maternal and neonatal care. Near-universal literacy (99.8%) provides a strong foundation for workforce development and civic participation.
Life Expectancy
World avg: 72.8
Fertility Rate
World avg: 2.3
Infant Mortality
World avg: 27.5
Literacy Rate
World avg: 86.7
Internet Users
World avg: 63
Major Cities in Lithuania
Lithuania has 3 cities with a population over 100,000. Click on markers to see details.
Population Projections (2026-2050)
Near-zero growth suggests that Lithuania is entering a period of demographic stability—or, depending on policy responses, the early stages of decline. Below-replacement fertility of 1.2 births per woman means natural growth alone cannot sustain the current population level indefinitely. As a United Nations member state, Lithuania participates in global discussions on sustainable development that will shape its demographic future.
| Year | Projected Population |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 2,888,278 |
| 2030 | 2,957,754 |
| 2035 | 3,050,904 |
| 2040 | 3,150,919 |
| 2045 | 3,257,704 |
| 2050 | 3,371,210 |
Population History (1960-2026)
Year-by-year population data, growth rates, and trends for Lithuania.
Largest Cities in Lithuania
Explore the biggest cities and urban centers in Lithuania by population.
Neighboring Countries
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Lithuania?
The population of Lithuania is approximately 2.9 million as of 2026, making it #139 in the world by population.
What is the capital of Lithuania?
The capital of Lithuania is Vilnius.
What languages are spoken in Lithuania?
The main languages spoken in Lithuania are Lithuanian.
How big is Lithuania?
Lithuania covers an area of 65,300 km² with a population density of 44 people per km².
Is Lithuania growing or shrinking?
Lithuania is growing at a rate of 0.58% per year, adding approximately 16,752 people annually.
What is the life expectancy in Lithuania?
The average life expectancy in Lithuania is 77.0 years.
What is the GDP per capita of Lithuania?
The GDP per capita of Lithuania is $29,384.