Vietnam
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Current Population (Live)
Annual Growth Rate: +0.58%
With a population of roughly 101 million, Vietnam ranks among the world’s 20 most populous countries. The country extends across 331,212 km², translating to a density of 306 people per km². Its capital is Hanoi, and Vietnamese is the official language, while the Vietnamese đồng serves as the national currency.
Population
101,343,800
Area
331,212 km²
Density
306/km²
World Rank
#16
Population Trend (1960-2050)
Historical data from 1960 to present with projections to 2050.
Annual Growth Rate by Period
Population growth has effectively stalled at 0% annually, suggesting the country is approaching or has reached a demographic plateau. Births occur at 13.8 per thousand against deaths at 6.6 per thousand, yielding a moderate natural surplus. The age distribution is relatively balanced, with 23.2% of residents under 15 and 9.1% over 65.
General Information
- Capital
- Hanoi
- Region
- Asia
- Subregion
- South-Eastern Asia
- Continent
- Asia
- Languages
- Vietnamese
- Currencies
- Vietnamese đồng (₫)
- Calling Code
- +84
- Top-Level Domain
- .vn
- Landlocked
- No
- UN Member
- Yes
- Timezones
- UTC+07:00
Population Details
- Total Population
- 101,343,800
- Land Area
- 331,212 km²
- Population Density
- 306 per km²
- Annual Growth Rate
- +0.58%
- Annual Growth
- +587,794 people
- Daily Growth
- +1,610 people
- World Population Share
- 1.25%
- Coordinates
- 16.17°, 107.83°
Global Population Share
Demographics & Economy
GDP per capita stands at approximately $4.7k, placing the economy in the upper-middle-income category—well below the global average of $12.5k. The labor market is notably tight, with unemployment at just 1.5%—well below the world average. The Gini index of 36.1 indicates a moderate level of income inequality.
Life Expectancy
74.6 years
GDP per Capita
$4,717
Birth Rate
13.8 per 1,000
Death Rate
6.6 per 1,000
Urban Population
38.5%
Fertility Rate
1.91 births/woman
Infant Mortality
14.0 per 1,000
Unemployment
1.5%
Literacy Rate
96.1%
Internet Users
84.2%
Under 15
23.2%
Over 65
9.1%
Health Spending
4.6% GDP
Gini Index
36.1
Age Distribution
0-14 years
23.5M
15-64 years
68.6M
65+ years
9.2M
Urbanization
Only 38.5% of the population lives in urban areas, reflecting a predominantly rural way of life that shapes access to services and markets. Hanoi, the capital, anchors a broader network of metropolitan centers that drive economic activity. Net emigration of 48171.0 per thousand is thinning rural areas in particular, accelerating the concentration of population in cities.
39.0M
38.5%
62.3M
61.5%
Health & Education Indicators
Average life expectancy of 74.6 years is roughly in line with the global benchmark of 72.8. Infant mortality stands at 14.0 per thousand live births, somewhat higher than the global average. The literacy rate of 96.1% is roughly in line with the world average, reflecting the current state of educational investment.
Life Expectancy
World avg: 72.8
Fertility Rate
World avg: 2.3
Infant Mortality
World avg: 27.5
Literacy Rate
World avg: 86.7
Internet Users
World avg: 63
Major Cities in Vietnam
Vietnam has 141 cities with a population over 100,000. Click on markers to see details.
Population Projections (2026-2050)
Near-zero growth suggests that Vietnam is entering a period of demographic stability—or, depending on policy responses, the early stages of decline. Below-replacement fertility of 1.9 births per woman means natural growth alone cannot sustain the current population level indefinitely. As a United Nations member state, Vietnam participates in global discussions on sustainable development that will shape its demographic future.
| Year | Projected Population |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 101,343,800 |
| 2030 | 103,781,572 |
| 2035 | 107,049,998 |
| 2040 | 110,559,337 |
| 2045 | 114,306,206 |
| 2050 | 118,288,890 |
Population History (1960-2026)
Year-by-year population data, growth rates, and trends for Vietnam.
Largest Cities in Vietnam
Explore the biggest cities and urban centers in Vietnam by population.
Neighboring Countries
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Vietnam?
The population of Vietnam is approximately 101.3 million as of 2026, making it #16 in the world by population.
What is the capital of Vietnam?
The capital of Vietnam is Hanoi.
What languages are spoken in Vietnam?
The main languages spoken in Vietnam are Vietnamese.
How big is Vietnam?
Vietnam covers an area of 331,212 km² with a population density of 306 people per km².
Is Vietnam growing or shrinking?
Vietnam is growing at a rate of 0.58% per year, adding approximately 587,794 people annually.
What is the life expectancy in Vietnam?
The average life expectancy in Vietnam is 74.6 years.
What is the GDP per capita of Vietnam?
The GDP per capita of Vietnam is $4,717.