Slovakia
Slovak Republic
Current Population (Live)
Annual Growth Rate: -0.13%
Slovakia is a Central Europe landlocked nation of around 5.41 million residents, placing it above the global median in population. This landlocked territory spans 49,037 km² with a density of 110 people per km². Its capital is Bratislava, and Slovak is the official language, while the euro serves as the national currency.
Population
5,413,813
Area
49,037 km²
Density
110/km²
World Rank
#122
Population Trend (1960-2050)
Historical data from 1960 to present with projections to 2050.
Annual Growth Rate by Period
The population is currently contracting at a rate of -0% per year, pointing to deep structural challenges such as low birth rates and emigration. Deaths (10 per thousand) now equal or exceed births (9 per thousand), resulting in natural population decline. The population skews older, with 18.5% aged 65 or above and 15.8% under 15, signaling rising dependency ratios.
General Information
- Capital
- Bratislava
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Central Europe
- Continent
- Europe
- Languages
- Slovak
- Currencies
- euro (€)
- Calling Code
- +421
- Top-Level Domain
- .sk
- Landlocked
- Yes
- UN Member
- Yes
- Timezones
- UTC+01:00
Population Details
- Total Population
- 5,413,813
- Land Area
- 49,037 km²
- Population Density
- 110 per km²
- Annual Growth Rate
- -0.13%
- Annual Growth
- -7,038 people
- Daily Growth
- -19 people
- World Population Share
- 0.07%
- Coordinates
- 48.67°, 19.50°
Global Population Share
Demographics & Economy
With a GDP per capita of roughly $26k, Slovakia sits comfortably in the high-income bracket by World Bank standards. Unemployment sits at 5.4%, roughly in line with the global average of 5.8%. Income distribution is comparatively egalitarian, reflected in a Gini index of 23.8.
Life Expectancy
78.0 years
GDP per Capita
$25,993
Birth Rate
9.0 per 1,000
Death Rate
10.0 per 1,000
Urban Population
53.2%
Fertility Rate
1.49 births/woman
Infant Mortality
5.1 per 1,000
Unemployment
5.4%
Internet Users
89.8%
Under 15
15.8%
Over 65
18.5%
Health Spending
7.3% GDP
Gini Index
23.8
Age Distribution
0-14 years
853K
15-64 years
3.6M
65+ years
1.0M
Urbanization
About 53.2% of the population is urban, indicating a society in the midst of a rural-to-urban transition. The capital, Bratislava, remains the primary hub for government and commerce. Net emigration of 31377.0 per thousand is thinning rural areas in particular, accelerating the concentration of population in cities.
2.9M
53.2%
2.5M
46.8%
Health & Education Indicators
Average life expectancy of 78.0 years is roughly in line with the global benchmark of 72.8. Infant mortality stands at 5.1 per thousand live births, significantly higher than the global average. Health expenditure accounts for about 7.3% of GDP, shaping the reach and quality of medical services available to the population.
Life Expectancy
World avg: 72.8
Fertility Rate
World avg: 2.3
Infant Mortality
World avg: 27.5
Internet Users
World avg: 63
Major Cities in Slovakia
Slovakia has 3 cities with a population over 100,000. Click on markers to see details.
Population Projections (2026-2050)
If current trends persist, Slovakia's population will continue to shrink, intensifying labor shortages and increasing the burden on pension and healthcare systems. With 18.5% of the population already over 65, the aging challenge is likely to deepen in the decades ahead. As a United Nations member state, Slovakia participates in global discussions on sustainable development that will shape its demographic future.
| Year | Projected Population |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 5,413,813 |
| 2030 | 5,384,617 |
| 2035 | 5,346,123 |
| 2040 | 5,305,779 |
| 2045 | 5,263,929 |
| 2050 | 5,220,866 |
Population History (1960-2026)
Year-by-year population data, growth rates, and trends for Slovakia.
Largest Cities in Slovakia
Explore the biggest cities and urban centers in Slovakia by population.
Neighboring Countries
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Slovakia?
The population of Slovakia is approximately 5.4 million as of 2026, making it #122 in the world by population.
What is the capital of Slovakia?
The capital of Slovakia is Bratislava.
What languages are spoken in Slovakia?
The main languages spoken in Slovakia are Slovak.
How big is Slovakia?
Slovakia covers an area of 49,037 km² with a population density of 110 people per km².
Is Slovakia growing or shrinking?
Slovakia's population is declining at a rate of -0.13% per year.
What is the life expectancy in Slovakia?
The average life expectancy in Slovakia is 78.0 years.
What is the GDP per capita of Slovakia?
The GDP per capita of Slovakia is $25,993.