Tajikistan
Republic of Tajikistan
Current Population (Live)
Annual Growth Rate: +2.06%
Tajikistan is a Central Asia landlocked nation of around 10.5 million residents, placing it above the global median in population. This landlocked territory spans 143,100 km² with a density of 73 people per km². Its capital is Dushanbe, and official languages include Russian and Tajik, while the Tajikistani somoni serves as the national currency.
Population
10,499,000
Area
143,100 km²
Density
73/km²
World Rank
#91
Population Trend (1960-2050)
Historical data from 1960 to present with projections to 2050.
Annual Growth Rate by Period
Population growth has effectively stalled at 0% annually, suggesting the country is approaching or has reached a demographic plateau. A birth rate of 26.1 per thousand far outpaces the death rate of 4.6 per thousand, driving strong natural increase. A youthful age structure is evident: 36.3% of the population is under 15, while only 3.9% is over 65.
General Information
- Capital
- Dushanbe
- Region
- Asia
- Subregion
- Central Asia
- Continent
- Asia
- Languages
- Russian, Tajik
- Currencies
- Tajikistani somoni (ЅМ)
- Calling Code
- +992
- Top-Level Domain
- .tj
- Landlocked
- Yes
- UN Member
- Yes
- Timezones
- UTC+05:00
Population Details
- Total Population
- 10,499,000
- Land Area
- 143,100 km²
- Population Density
- 73 per km²
- Annual Growth Rate
- +2.06%
- Annual Growth
- +216,279 people
- Daily Growth
- +593 people
- World Population Share
- 0.13%
- Coordinates
- 39.00°, 71.00°
Global Population Share
Demographics & Economy
At around $1.3k per person, the economy falls into the lower-middle-income tier, reflecting ongoing development needs. Unemployment sits at 6.9%, above the global average of 5.8%. The Gini index of 36.1 indicates a moderate level of income inequality.
Life Expectancy
71.8 years
GDP per Capita
$1,341
Birth Rate
26.1 per 1,000
Death Rate
4.6 per 1,000
Urban Population
26.2%
Fertility Rate
3.07 births/woman
Infant Mortality
22.9 per 1,000
Unemployment
6.9%
Literacy Rate
100.0%
Internet Users
56.8%
Under 15
36.3%
Over 65
3.9%
Health Spending
7.4% GDP
Gini Index
36.1
Age Distribution
0-14 years
3.8M
15-64 years
6.3M
65+ years
404K
Urbanization
Only 26.2% of the population lives in urban areas, reflecting a predominantly rural way of life that shapes access to services and markets. The capital, Dushanbe, remains the primary hub for government and commerce. Net emigration of 21606.0 per thousand is thinning rural areas in particular, accelerating the concentration of population in cities.
2.7M
26.2%
7.8M
73.8%
Health & Education Indicators
Average life expectancy of 71.8 years is roughly in line with the global benchmark of 72.8. Infant mortality stands at 22.9 per thousand live births, somewhat higher than the global average. Near-universal literacy (100%) provides a strong foundation for workforce development and civic participation.
Life Expectancy
World avg: 72.8
Fertility Rate
World avg: 2.3
Infant Mortality
World avg: 27.5
Literacy Rate
World avg: 86.7
Internet Users
World avg: 63
Major Cities in Tajikistan
Tajikistan has 7 cities with a population over 100,000. Click on markers to see details.
Population Projections (2026-2050)
Near-zero growth suggests that Tajikistan is entering a period of demographic stability—or, depending on policy responses, the early stages of decline. As a United Nations member state, Tajikistan participates in global discussions on sustainable development that will shape its demographic future.
| Year | Projected Population |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 10,499,000 |
| 2030 | 11,350,328 |
| 2035 | 12,420,881 |
| 2040 | 13,496,597 |
| 2045 | 14,576,543 |
| 2050 | 15,660,795 |
Population History (1960-2026)
Year-by-year population data, growth rates, and trends for Tajikistan.
Largest Cities in Tajikistan
Explore the biggest cities and urban centers in Tajikistan by population.
Neighboring Countries
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Tajikistan?
The population of Tajikistan is approximately 10.5 million as of 2026, making it #91 in the world by population.
What is the capital of Tajikistan?
The capital of Tajikistan is Dushanbe.
What languages are spoken in Tajikistan?
The main languages spoken in Tajikistan are Russian, Tajik.
How big is Tajikistan?
Tajikistan covers an area of 143,100 km² with a population density of 73 people per km².
Is Tajikistan growing or shrinking?
Tajikistan is growing at a rate of 2.06% per year, adding approximately 216,279 people annually.
What is the life expectancy in Tajikistan?
The average life expectancy in Tajikistan is 71.8 years.
What is the GDP per capita of Tajikistan?
The GDP per capita of Tajikistan is $1,341.